Review: Edinburgh Festival Fringe 2024 – 5 Mistakes That Changed History

Created by Paul Coulter

Review by Eve Nugent

Rating: 5 out of 5.

A modernised, upbeat version of Beethoven’s 5th Symphony washes over the audience, the perfect way to open 5 Mistakes That Changed History as it returns from last year’s sold-out run at the Fringe. Out comes historian and comedian Paul Coulter, self-proclaimed “history nerd”, who briefly introduces himself and the show about five people whose mistakes changed the world.

From Alexander the Great’s failure to leave a straightforward will and to Winston Churchill’s mistakes as a war correspondent in South Africa, Coulter resembles a riveting and witty lecturer; he manages to strike the perfect balance between entertaining and educating in this bastardised version of eclectic past events. Hilarious online article headlines push and support the narrative, revealing historical misconceptions that are subsequently rebuked. Each story varies in depth, length and historical significance, with Coulter rushing through vast periods from 323 BCE until the 20th century. Such variety allows for perpetual and universal entertainment, hooking audience members of any age, no matter their areas of interest.

Overall, this comedic history show is not just about mistakes but also about the lessons we can learn from them. It is incredibly well-researched and delivered succinctly and with great passion. Coulter spreads a positive message about learning from one’s mistakes, arguing that everything happens for a reason. His final speech, a tribute to his late mother, who shared his love for history, is an extremely tender way to close this unique production, leaving the audience with a lasting, positive impression.


An undergraduate French student at the University of Edinburgh, Eve has a diverse interest in theatre and performance. Eve’s theatrical focus has recently broadened into writing and directing, for instance with her modern Othello adaptation for the University’s Shakespeare Company.  Her creative attention stretches also to classical music, as she plays the flute, piano and guitar with equal fervour. She thus looks forward to watching whatever the Fringe has to offer, irrespective of genre!

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